Latihan Structure TOEFL Bagian 5
Pilih bentuk yang paling tepat untuk melengkapi tiap kalimat. Buka pembahasan setelah menjawab untuk memahami polanya.
1. On her way out, she stopped ___ the door, worried she had left it unlocked.
- checking
- to check
- check
- having checked
Lihat jawaban dan pembahasan
Jawaban: B. to check
'Stop + to-infinitive' berarti berhenti melakukan sesuatu untuk melakukan hal lain (tujuan), berbeda dari 'stop + gerund'.
2. They purchased a ___ wooden dining table for the new house.
- large rectangular old
- large old rectangular
- old large rectangular
- rectangular large old
Lihat jawaban dan pembahasan
Jawaban: B. large old rectangular
Urutan adjective bahasa Inggris: size → age → shape → material. 'Large' (size) → 'old' (age) → 'rectangular' (shape).
3. The contract must be signed ___ the end of the month.
- at
- in
- on
- by
Lihat jawaban dan pembahasan
Jawaban: D. by
'By' digunakan untuk menyatakan tenggat waktu (deadline) — tindakan selesai sebelum atau pada waktu tersebut.
4. The company hired an engineer ___ background includes robotics research.
- who is
- which
- whose
- who's
Lihat jawaban dan pembahasan
Jawaban: C. whose
'Whose' menunjukkan kepemilikan (possessive relative pronoun) — latar belakang milik si insinyur.
5. It was ___ complex proposal that the committee postponed their decision.
- such a
- so
- such
- too
Lihat jawaban dan pembahasan
Jawaban: A. such a
Pola 'such a/an + adjective + noun + that' digunakan ketika ada kata benda tunggal setelah kata sifat.
6. Scientists ___ this particular species since the expedition began in March.
- study
- have been studying
- studied
- will study
Lihat jawaban dan pembahasan
Jawaban: B. have been studying
'Since + waktu tertentu di masa lalu' dengan tindakan yang masih berlangsung menandakan present perfect continuous.
7. By next year, the researchers ___ their fieldwork on three separate continents.
- completed
- will have completed
- will complete
- complete
Lihat jawaban dan pembahasan
Jawaban: B. will have completed
'By + waktu di masa depan' menandakan future perfect — tindakan selesai sebelum titik waktu tertentu.
8. The lights are off and the car is gone, so they ___ already left for the airport.
- would have
- can have
- should have
- must have
Lihat jawaban dan pembahasan
Jawaban: D. must have
'Must have + past participle' digunakan untuk deduksi logis kuat berdasarkan bukti, bukan 'should have' yang menyiratkan penyesalan.
9. If you heat water to 100 degrees Celsius at sea level, it ___.
- will boil
- would boil
- boiled
- boils
Lihat jawaban dan pembahasan
Jawaban: D. boils
Zero conditional (fakta ilmiah/umum) menggunakan present simple di kedua klausa.
10. If the university ___ more funding, it could expand its research programs.
- will receive
- has received
- receives
- received
Lihat jawaban dan pembahasan
Jawaban: D. received
Second conditional (situasi hipotetis) menggunakan past simple di if-clause meski maknanya bukan masa lalu.