Latihan Structure TOEFL Bagian 7
Pilih bentuk yang paling tepat untuk melengkapi tiap kalimat. Buka pembahasan setelah menjawab untuk memahami polanya.
1. Employees ___ to complete the training module by the end of this week.
- are required
- requiring
- require
- have require
Lihat jawaban dan pembahasan
Jawaban: A. are required
Subjek 'employees' menerima kewajiban (pasif) → 'are required to'.
2. ___ the results carefully, the analyst noticed an unusual pattern in the data.
- Examining
- Having examine
- To examining
- Examined
Lihat jawaban dan pembahasan
Jawaban: A. Examining
Subjek 'the analyst' melakukan tindakan memeriksa (aktif) → present participle 'Examining' sebagai reduced clause.
3. The new engine is not ___ efficient as the previous model, despite being lighter.
- as
- so
- too
- very
Lihat jawaban dan pembahasan
Jawaban: A. as
Pola perbandingan kesetaraan negatif 'not as...as' digunakan untuk menyatakan dua hal tidak setara.
4. The team revised the proposal ___ the client's concerns.
- addressed
- for addressing
- address
- to address
Lihat jawaban dan pembahasan
Jawaban: D. to address
To-infinitive digunakan untuk menyatakan tujuan (purpose) dari suatu tindakan: 'revised... to address'.
5. The vaccine ___ by researchers at three different universities before its approval.
- tests
- has testing
- was tested
- tested
Lihat jawaban dan pembahasan
Jawaban: C. was tested
Subjek 'the vaccine' menerima tindakan diuji (pasif, past simple) → 'was tested by researchers'.
6. If she had accepted the job offer last year, she ___ in a completely different city now.
- would live
- will live
- lives
- would have lived
Lihat jawaban dan pembahasan
Jawaban: A. would live
Mixed conditional — kondisi di masa lalu ('had accepted') menghasilkan konsekuensi di masa sekarang ('now'), sehingga digunakan 'would + bare verb', bukan 'would have + past participle'.
7. ___ regularly has been shown to improve long-term memory retention.
- Reading
- Read
- Reads
- To read
Lihat jawaban dan pembahasan
Jawaban: A. Reading
Gerund dapat berfungsi sebagai subjek kalimat: 'Reading regularly has been shown to...'.
8. The laboratory ___ the experiment was conducted lacked proper ventilation.
- when
- where
- which
- that
Lihat jawaban dan pembahasan
Jawaban: B. where
Klausa relatif merujuk pada tempat ('the laboratory'), sehingga menggunakan 'where'.
9. The results ___ support the initial hypothesis, contrary to what critics claimed.
- does
- doing
- did
- do
Lihat jawaban dan pembahasan
Jawaban: D. do
'Do/does + bare verb' digunakan untuk penekanan (emphatic); karena subjek 'the results' jamak, digunakan 'do', bukan 'does'.
10. Researchers still do not fully understand ___ certain species migrate at night.
- that
- why
- what which
- if that
Lihat jawaban dan pembahasan
Jawaban: B. why
Noun clause 'why certain species migrate at night' berfungsi sebagai objek dari 'understand' — 'why' tepat karena menanyakan alasan.