Kosakata TOEFL 2: Science & Nature

accumulate (v) — menumpuk, mengumpulkan

to gradually gather or increase in quantity

Dust had accumulated on the shelves after months of neglect.

decline (v/n) — menurun, penurunan

to become smaller, weaker, or less

Fish populations in the lake have declined sharply over the past decade.

emerge (v) — muncul

to become visible or apparent

New evidence emerged that challenged the original theory.

fluctuate (v) — berfluktuasi, naik turun

to change irregularly in level or amount

Temperatures in the desert fluctuate dramatically between day and night.

gradual (adj) — bertahap

happening slowly over a long period

The species underwent a gradual adaptation to colder climates.

hypothesis (n) — hipotesis

a proposed explanation based on limited evidence

The researchers tested their hypothesis through a series of controlled experiments.

phenomenon (n) — fenomena

a fact or event that can be observed

Bioluminescence is a natural phenomenon found in many deep-sea creatures.

sustain (v) — mempertahankan, menopang

to keep something going over time

The ecosystem cannot sustain such a large population without more resources.

subsequent (adj) — berikutnya, selanjutnya

coming after something in time

Subsequent studies confirmed the results of the initial experiment.

adapt (v) — beradaptasi

to adjust to new conditions

Desert plants have adapted to survive with very little water.

evolve (v) — berevolusi, berkembang

to develop gradually over time

Language continues to evolve as new words enter common use.

mechanism (n) — mekanisme

a system of parts working together, or a process by which something happens

Scientists are still studying the exact mechanism behind the disease.